Undocumented migrants during the Covid-19 pandemic: social conditions, clinical features and pharmacological treatment

https://doi.org/10.4081/jphr.2020.1852
  • Gianfrancesco Fiorini
    Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan and Istituti Clinici Zucchi, Carate, Italy.
    https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5468-4063
  • Antonello E. Rigamonti
    Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Italy.
    https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2489-9108
  • Charilaos Galanopoulos
    Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Italy.
  • Martina Adamoli
    Opera San Francesco per i Poveri, Milan, Italy.
  • Emanuela Ciriaco
    Opera San Francesco per i Poveri, Milan, Italy.
  • Matteo Franchi
    National Centre for Healthcare Research and Pharmacoepidemiology, Milan, Italy.
    https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9620-8057
  • Eleonora Genovese
    Laboratory of Healthcare Research and Pharmacoepidemiology, Department of Statistics and Quantitative Methods, University of Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy.
  • Giovanni Corrao
    National Centre for Healthcare Research and Pharmacoepidemiology, Milan, Italy.
  • Silvano G. Cella
    Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, and National Centre for Healthcare Research and Pharmacoepidemiology, Milan, Italy.
    http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6884-3766

ABSTRACT

Population groups such as undocumented migrants have been almost completely forgotten during the COVID-19 pandemic, though they have been living in all European countries for decades and new arrivals have continued throughout the pandemic. The aim of this study was to investigate their health conditions during the current pandemic. We analysed the records of 272 patients with respiratory issues attending the outpatient clinic of a large charity in Milan, Italy: amongst them, 18 had COVID-19 confirmed by rhino-pharyngeal swab and 1 of them deceased. All the patients attending the clinic appeared to have several risk factors for COVID-19 and chronic conditions suspected to predispose to the disease and/or to worsen severity and outcomes: hypertension, immunosuppression and previous close contact with COVID-19 patients were the most important ones. Presenting symptoms were worse in patients with COVID-19 than in those with other respiratory issues. These results are discussed in light of the necessity to provide better healthcare to undocumented migrants.

AUTHOR BIOGRAPHIES

Matteo Franchi, National Centre for Healthcare Research and Pharmacoepidemiology, Milan

Laboratory of Healthcare Research and Pharmacoepidemiology, Department of Statistics and Quantitative Methods, University of Milano Bicocca, Milan

Giovanni Corrao, National Centre for Healthcare Research and Pharmacoepidemiology, Milan

Laboratory of Healthcare Research and Pharmacoepidemiology, Department of Statistics and Quantitative Methods, University of Milano Bicocca, Milan

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